FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates: Basic Theorems and Properties of Boolean Algebra, Boolean
Functions, Digital Logic Gates, Integrated Circuits.
Gate-Level Minimization: Introduction, The
Map Method, Four-Variable K-Map, Product of sums Don’t-Care Conditions, NAND and NOR
Implementation
MODULE 1
Introduction: Causes of Energy Scarcity, Solution to Energy Scarcity, Factors Affecting Energy Resource Development, Energy Resources and Classification, Renewable Energy – Worldwide Renewable Energy Availability, Renewable Energy in India.
Energy from Sun: Sun- earth Geometric Relationship, Layer of the Sun, Earth – Sun Angles and their Relationships, Solar Energy Reaching the Earth’s Surface, Solar Thermal Energy Applications.
MODULE 2
Solar Thermal Energy Collectors: Types of Solar Collectors, Configurations of Certain Practical
Solar Thermal Collectors, Material Aspects of Solar Collectors, Concentrating
Collectors, Parabolic Dish – Stirling Engine System, Working of Stirling or
Brayton Heat Engine, Solar Collector Systems into Building Services, Solar
Water Heating Systems, Passive Solar Water Heating Systems, Applications of
Solar Water Heating Systems, Active Solar Space Cooling, Solar Air Heating,
Solar Dryers, Crop Drying, Space Cooing, Solar Cookers, Solar pond.
Solar Cells: Components of Solar Cell System, Elements of Silicon Solar Cell, Solar Cell materials, Practical Solar Cells, I – V Characteristics of Solar Cells, Efficiency of Solar Cells, Photovoltaic panels (series and parallel arrays).
MODULE 3
Hydrogen Energy: Benefits of Hydrogen Energy, Hydrogen Production Technologies, Hydrogen Energy Storage, Use of Hydrogen Energy, Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydrogen Energy, Problems Associated with Hydrogen Energy.
Wind Energy: Windmills,
Wind Turbines, Wind Resources, Wind Turbine Site Selection.
Geothermal Energy:
Geothermal Systems, Classifications, Geothermal Resource Utilization, Resource
Exploration, Geothermal Based Electric Power Generation, Associated Problems,
environmental Effects.
Solid waste and Agricultural Refuse: Waste is Wealth, Key Issues, Waste Recovery Management Scheme, Advantages and Disadvantages of Waste Recycling, Sources and Types of Waste, Recycling of Plastics.
MODULE 4
Biomass Energy: Biomass
Production, Energy Plantation, Biomass Gasification, Theory of Gasification,
Gasifier and Their Classifications, Chemistry of Reaction Process in
Gasification, Updraft, Downdraft and Cross-draft Gasifiers, Fluidized Bed
Gasification, Use of Biomass Gasifier, Gasifier Biomass Feed Characteristics,
Applications of Biomass Gasifier, Cooling and Cleaning of Gasifiers.
Biogas Energy:
Introduction, Biogas and its Composition, Anaerobic Digestion, Biogas
Production, Benefits of Biogas, Factors Affecting the Selection of a Particular
Model of a Biogas Plant, Biogas Plant Feeds and their Characteristics.
Tidal Energy: Introduction, Tidal Energy Resource, Tidal Energy Availability, Tidal Power Generation in India, Leading Country in Tidal Power Plant Installation, Energy Availability in Tides, Tidal Power Basin, Turbines for Tidal Power, Advantages and Disadvantages of Tidal Power, Problems Faced in Exploiting Tidal Energy.
MODULE 5
Sea Wave Energy:
Introduction, Motion in the sea Waves, Power Associated with Sea Waves, Wave
Energy Availability, Devices for Harnessing Wave Energy, Advantages and
Disadvantages of Wave Power.
Ocean Thermal Energy: Introduction, Principles of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion plants, Basic Rankine Cycle and its Working, Closed Cycle, Open Cycle and Hybrid Cycle, Carnot Cycle, Application of OTEC in Addition to Produce Electricity, Advantages, Disadvantages and Benefits of OTEC.
MODULE 1:
Introduction to Digital Design: Binary Logic, Basic Theorems And Properties Of Boolean Algebra,
Boolean Functions, Digital Logic Gates, Introduction, The Map Method, Four-Variable Map, Don’t-Care
Conditions, NAND and NOR Implementation, Other Hardware Description Language – Verilog Model
of a simple circuit.
MODULE 2
Combinational Logic: Introduction, Combinational Circuits, Design Procedure, Binary Adder-
Subtractor, Decoders, Encoders, Multiplexers. HDL Models of Combinational Circuits – Adder,
Multiplexer, Encoder. Sequential Logic: Introduction, Sequential Circuits, Storage Elements:
Latches, Flip-Flops.
Text book 1: 4.1, 4.2, 4.4, 4.5, 4.9, 4.10, 4.11, 4.12, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4.
Module -3
Basic Structure of Computers:
Basic Operational Concepts, Bus Structures, Performance – Processor Clock,
Basic Performance Equation, Clock Rate, Performance Measurement.
Machine Instructions and
Programs: Memory Location and Addresses, Memory Operations, Instructions and
Instruction Sequencing, Addressing Modes.
MODULE 4
Input/output Organization: Accessing I/O Devices, Interrupts – Interrupt Hardware, Enabling and Disabling Interrupts, Handling Multiple Devices, Direct Memory Access: Bus Arbitration, Speed, size and Cost of memory systems. Cache Memories – Mapping Functions.
MODULE 5
Basic Processing Unit: Some Fundamental Concepts: Register Transfers, Performing ALU operations, fetching a word from Memory, Storing a word in memory. Execution of a Complete Instruction. Pipelining: Basic concepts, Role of Cache memory, Pipeline Performance.
RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURSES
MODULE 1
Introduction:
Causes of Energy Scarcity, Solution to Energy Scarcity, Factors Affecting Energy Resource Development, Energy Resources and Classification, Renewable Energy – Worldwide Renewable Energy Availability, Renewable Energy in India.
Energy from Sun:
Sun- earth Geometric Relationship, Layer of the Sun, Earth – Sun Angles and their Relationships, Solar Energy Reaching the Earth’s Surface, Solar Thermal Energy Applications.
MODULE 2
Solar Thermal Energy Collectors:
Types of Solar Collectors, Configurations of Certain Practical Solar Thermal Collectors, Material Aspects of Solar Collectors, Concentrating Collectors, Parabolic Dish – Stirling Engine System, Working of Stirling or Brayton Heat Engine, Solar Collector Systems into Building Services, Solar Water Heating Systems, Passive Solar Water Heating Systems, Applications of Solar Water Heating Systems, Active Solar Space Cooling, Solar Air Heating, Solar Dryers, Crop Drying, Space Cooing, Solar Cookers, Solar pond.
Solar Cells:
Components of Solar Cell System, Elements of Silicon Solar Cell, Solar Cell materials, Practical Solar Cells, I – V Characteristics of Solar Cells, Efficiency of Solar Cells, Photovoltaic panels (series and parallel arrays).
MODULE 3
MODULE 3: Hydrogen Energy: Benefits of Hydrogen Energy, Hydrogen Production Technologies, Hydrogen Energy Storage, Use of Hydrogen Energy, Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydrogen Energy, Problems Associated with Hydrogen Energy. Wind Energy: Windmills, Wind Turbines, Wind Resources, Wind Turbine Site Selection. Geothermal Energy: Geothermal Systems, Classifications, Geothermal Resource Utilization, Resource Exploration, Geothermal Based Electric Power Generation, Associated Problems, environmental Effects. Solid waste and Agricultural Refuse: Waste is Wealth, Key Issues, Waste Recovery Management Scheme, Advantages and Disadvantages of Waste Recycling, Sources and Types of Waste, Recycling of Plastics.
MODULE 4:
Biomass Energy: Biomass
Production, Energy Plantation, Biomass Gasification, Theory of Gasification,
Gasifier and Their Classifications, Chemistry of Reaction Process in
Gasification, Updraft, Downdraft and Cross-draft Gasifiers, Fluidized Bed
Gasification, Use of Biomass Gasifier, Gasifier Biomass Feed Characteristics,
Applications of Biomass Gasifier, Cooling and Cleaning of Gasifiers.
Biogas Energy:
Introduction, Biogas and its Composition, Anaerobic Digestion, Biogas
Production, Benefits of Biogas, Factors Affecting the Selection of a Particular
Model of a Biogas Plant, Biogas Plant Feeds and their Characteristics.
Tidal Energy: Introduction, Tidal Energy Resource, Tidal Energy Availability, Tidal Power Generation in India, Leading Country in Tidal Power Plant Installation, Energy Availability in Tides, Tidal Power Basin, Turbines for Tidal Power, Advantages and Disadvantages of Tidal Power, Problems Faced in Exploiting Tidal Energy.
MODULE 5 NOTES
QUESTION BANK M1,M2,M3,M4
QUESTION BANK :3 RD CIE
MODULE-1:
Introduction to Digital Design: Binary Logic, Basic Theorems And Properties Of Boolean Algebra,Boolean Functions, Digital Logic Gates, Introduction, The Map Method, Four-Variable Map, Don’t-Care Conditions, NAND and NOR Implementation, Other Hardware Description Language – Verilog Model of a simple circuit.
Text book 1: 1.9, 2.4, 2.5, 2.8, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.5, 3.6, 3.9
Module-2
Combinational Logic: Introduction,
Combinational Circuits, Design Procedure, Binary Adder- Subtractor, Decoders,
Encoders, Multiplexers. HDL Models of Combinational Circuits – Adder,
Multiplexer, Encoder. Sequential Logic: Introduction, Sequential
Circuits, Storage Elements: Latches, Flip-Flops.
MODULE
3:
Basic Structure of Computers: Basic Operational Concepts, Bus Structures, Performance – Processor
Clock, Basic Performance Equation,
Clock Rate, Performance Measurement. Machine Instructions and Programs: Memory Location and Addresses, Memory Operations, Instructions and Instruction Sequencing, Addressing Modes.
MODULE 4
Input/output
Organization: Accessing I/O Devices, Interrupts – Interrupt Hardware, Enabling
and Disabling Interrupts, Handling Multiple Devices, Direct Memory Access: Bus
Arbitration, Speed, size and Cost of memory systems. Cache Memories – Mapping
Functions.
MODULE 5
Basic Processing Unit: Some Fundamental Concepts: Register Transfers, Performing ALU operations, fetching a word from Memory, Storing a word in memory. Execution of a Complete Instruction. Pipelining: Basic concepts, Role of Cache memory, Pipeline Performance.
MODULE 5 NOTESBasic Structure of Computers: Basic Operational
Concepts, Bus Structures, Performance – Processor Clock, Basic Performance
Equation, Clock Rate, Performance Measurement. Machine Instructions and
Programs: Memory Location and Addresses, Memory Operations, Instructions and
Instruction Sequencing, Addressing Modes
Textbook 1: Chapter1 – 1.3, 1.4, 1.6 (1.6.1-1.6.4, 1.6.7), Chapter2 – 2.2 to 2.5
MODULE 1 NOTES
Input/output Organization: Accessing I/O Devices, Interrupts
– Interrupt Hardware, Direct Memory Access, Buses, Interface Circuits
Textbook 1: Chapter4 – 4.1, 4.2, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6
Memory
System: Basic Concepts, Semiconductor RAM Memories,
Read Only Memories, Speed, Size, and Cost, Cache Memories – Mapping Functions,
Virtual memories
Textbook 1: Chapter 5 – 5.1 to 5.4, 5.5 (5.5.1, 5.5.2)
Arithmetic: Numbers, Arithmetic Operations and Characters, Addition and Subtraction of Signed Numbers, Design of Fast Adders, Multiplication of Positive Numbers.Basic Processing Unit: Fundamental Concepts, Execution of a Complete Instruction, Hardwired control, Microprogrammed control
Textbook 1: Chapter2-2.1, Chapter6 – 6.1 to
6.3
Pipeline and Vector Processing: Parallel
Processing, Pipelining, Arithmetic Pipeline, Instruction Pipeline, Vector
Processing, Array Processors
FILE STRUCTURE
MODULE 1
Introduction:
File Structures: The Heart of the file structure Design, A Short History of
File Structure Design, A Conceptual Toolkit; Fundamental File Operations:
Physical Files and Logical Files, Opening Files, Closing Files, Reading and
Writing, Seeking, Special Characters, The Unix Directory Structure, Physical
devices and Logical Files, File-related Header Files, UNIX file System
Commands; Secondary Storage and System Software: Disks, Magnetic Tape, Disk
versus Tape; CD-ROM: Introduction, Physical Organization, Strengths and
Weaknesses; Storage as Hierarchy, A journey of a Byte, Buffer Management, Input
/Output in UNIX. Fundamental File Structure Concepts, Managing Files of Records
: Field and Record Organization, Using Classes to Manipulate Buffers, Using
Inheritance for Record Buffer Classes, Managing Fixed Length, Fixed Field
Buffers, An Object-Oriented Class for Record Files, Record Access, More about
Record Structures, Encapsulating Record Operations in a Single Class, File
Access and File Organization. RBT: L1, L2, L3
MODULE 1 SOLUTION MANUAL
MODULE 2
Organization of
Files for Performance, Indexing: Data Compression, Reclaiming Space in files,
Internal Sorting and Binary Searching, Keysorting; What is an Index? A Simple
Index for Entry-Sequenced File, Using Template Classes in C++ for Object I/O,
Object-Oriented support for Indexed, Entry-Sequenced Files of Data Objects,
Indexes that are too large to hold in Memory, Indexing to provide access by
Multiple keys, Retrieval Using Combinations of Secondary Keys, Improving the Secondary
Index structure: Inverted Lists, Selective indexes, Binding. RBT: L1, L2, L3
MODULE 3:
Consequential Processing and the Sorting of
Large Files: A Model for Implementing Cosequential Processes, Application of
the Model to a General Ledger Program, Extension of the Model to include
Mutiway Merging, A Second Look at Sorting in Memory, Merging as a Way of
Sorting Large Files on Disk. Multi-Level Indexing and B-Trees: The invention of
B-Tree, Statement of the problem, Indexing with Binary Search Trees; Multi-Level
Indexing, B-Trees, Example of Creating a B-Tree, An Object-Oriented
Representation of B-Trees, B-Tree Methods; Nomenclature, Formal Definition of
B-Tree Properties, Worst-case Search Depth, Deletion, Merging and
Redistribution, Redistribution during insertion; B* Trees, Buffering of pages;
Virtual BTrees; Variable-length Records and keys. RBT: L1, L2, L3
MODULE 4:
Indexed
Sequential File Access and Prefix B + Trees: Indexed Sequential Access,
Maintaining a Sequence Set, Adding a Simple Index to the Sequence Set, The
Content of the Index: Separators Instead of Keys, The Simple Prefix B+ Tree and
its maintenance, Index Set Block Size, Internal Structure of Index Set Blocks:
A Variable-order B- Tree, Loading a Simple Prefix B+ Trees, B-Trees, B+ Trees
and Simple Prefix B+ Trees in Perspective. RBT: L1, L2, L3
MODULE 5:
Hashing:
Introduction, A Simple Hashing Algorithm, Hashing Functions and Record
Distribution, How much Extra Memory should be used?, Collision resolution by
progressive overflow, Buckets, Making deletions, Other collision resolution
techniques, Patterns of record access. Extendible Hashing: How Extendible
Hashing Works, Implementation, Deletion, Extendible Hashing Performance,
Alternative Approaches.
